Server

Windows Server interview questions and answers

What is DNS?

What is DHCP?

What is ADS?

What is os?

What is ftp port?

what is file server?

Types of profile?

What is OS?

An operating system (OS) is a software program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. The OS performs basic tasks, such as controlling and allocating memory, prioritizing the processing of instructions, controlling input and output devices, facilitating networking, and managing files.

Difference between FAT,NTFS & NTFSVersion5

NTFS Version 5 features

Encryption is possible

We can enable Disk Quotas

File compression is possible

Sparse files

Indexing Service

NTFS change journal

In FAT file system we can apply only share level security. File level protection is not possible. In NTFS we can apply both share level as well as file level security

NTFS supports large partition sizes than FAT file systems

NTFS supports long file names than FAT file systems.

What is DNS? How it works?
Domain Name System (DNS)

DNS provides a service for mapping DNS domain names to IP addresses, and vice versa.

This allows users, computers, and applications to query the DNS to specify remote systems

by fully qualified domain names rather than by IP addresses.

What is DNS & WINS

DNS is a Domain Naming System, which resolves Host names to IP

addresses. It uses fully qualified domain names. DNS is a Internet standard used

to resolve host names WINS is a Windows Internet Name Service, which

resolves Netbios names to IP Address. This is proprietary for Windows

Types of DNS Servers

Primary DNS

Secondary DNS

Active Directory Integrated DNS

Forwarder

Caching only DNS

Can i have all DNS Records?

A, AAAA/IPv6, CNAME, MX, NS, PTR, SOA, SRV, TXT

A--- IPv4 Address record. An IPv4 address for a host.

AAAA-- IPv6 Address record. An IPv6 address for a host. Current IETF recommendation for IPv6 forward-mapped zones.

CNAME--- Canonical Name. An alias name for a host.

MX---- Mail Exchanger. A preference value and the host name for a mail server/exchanger that will service this zone. RFC 974 defines valid names.

NS-- Name Server. Defines the authoritative name.

PTR--- IP address (IPv4 or IPv6) to host. Used in reverse maps.

SOA----- Start of Authority. Defines the zone name, an e-mail contact and various time and refresh values applicable to the zone.

SRV--- Defines services available in zone e.g. ldap, http etc..

TXT---- Text information associated with a name. The SPF record is defined using a TXT record but is not (July 2004) an IETF RFC.

what is TTL & how to set TTL time in DNS

TTL is Time to Live setting used for the amount of time that the record

should remain in cache when name resolution happened.

We can set TTL in SOA (start of authority record) of DNS

How to take DNS and WINS,DHCP backup

%System root%/system32/dns

%System root%/system32/WINS

%System root%/system32/DHCP

What is Forward and reverse lookup zone?

The DNS Forward Lookup zone is used to resolve computer host names

to an IP address ("forward name resolution").

The Reverse Lookup zone resolves IP addresses to computer host names in the

DNS namespace ("reverse name resolution").

What is SOA Record

SOA is a Start Of Authority record, which is a first record in DNS, which controls

the startup behavior of DNS. We can configure TTL, refresh, and retry intervals

in this record.

If DHCP is not available what happens to the client

Client will not get IP and it cannot be participated in network . If client already got the

IP and having lease duration it use the IP till the lease duration expires.

what is the process of DHCP for getting the IP address to the client

There is a four way negotiation process b/w client and server

DHCP Discover (Initiated by client)

DHCP Offer (Initiated by server)

DHCP Select (Initiated by client)

DHCP Acknowledgement (Initiated by Server)

DHCP Negative Acknowledgement (Initiated by server if any issues after DHCP offer)

what is the difference between Authorized DHCP and Non Authorized

DHCP?

To avoid problems in the network causing by mis-configured DHCP servers, server in windows 2000 must be validate by AD before starting service to clients. If an authorized DHCP finds any DHCP server in the network it stop serving the clients

what are the problems that are generally come across DHCP

Scope is full with IP addresses no IP’s available for new machines

If scope options are not configured properly eg default gateway

Incorrect creation of scopes etc

What is the db name of the dhcp file and where it is stored?

a. Dhcp.mdb is the database name of the DHCP.

b. %SystemRoot%\system32\dhcp\dhcp.

Can we configure Backup of DHCP server?

Backup of DHCP database

Open DHCP

1. In the console tree, click the applicable DHCP server.

Where DHCP/applicable DHCP server

2. On the Action menu, click Backup

3. In the Browse For Folder dialog box, select the folder where you want to store

the backup DHCP database, and then click OK.

What is superscope, scope and multiscope?

Scope: A range of IP addresses that the DHCP server can assign to clients that

are on one subnet.

Superscope: A range of IP addresses that span several subnets. The DHCP

server can assign these addresses to clients that are on several subnets.

Multicast scope: A range of class D addresses from 224.0.0.0 to

239.255.255.255 that can be assigned to computers when they ask for

them. A multicast group is assigned to one IP address. Multicasting can

be used to send messages to a group of computers at the same time

with only one copy of the message. The Multicast Address Dynamic

Client Allocation Protocol (MADCAP) is used to request a multicast

address from a DHCP

If a client is not able to get an IP from a DHCP server, what will be the cause

assuming that physical network is working fine?

Scope not activated or DHCP server not authorized in the domain

If multiple scopes present activate correct scope

Describe how the DHCP lease is obtained.

It’s a four-step process consisting of (a) IP request, (b) IP offer,

© IP selection and (d) acknowledgement.

We’ve installed a new Windows-based DHCP server, however, the

users do not seem to be getting DHCP leases off of it.

The server must be authorized first with the Active Directory.

How can you force the client to give up the dhcp lease if you

Have access to the client PC?

Ipconfig/release

What’s the difference between forward lookup and reverse

lookup in DNS?

Forward lookup is name-to-address, the reverse lookup is address-to-name.